Brief biographies of Imams of Fiqh
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1. al-Hasan al-Basri 110AH/727AC [/justify]He was in Basra in Iraq. There is a debate over which school of thought he belonged to, both the Iraaqi and the Hejaazi sides claim him. Khaled ibn Safwan was a close neighbour of al-Hasan al-Basree. Describing him once he said: I never saw a man like him. His outward appearance is identical to his inner reality, his words are identical to his deeds; if he enjoins what is right he is the first to do it, and when he forbids what is wrong he is the farthest one from it. I found him never in need of other people, but people were in need of him. 2. Abu Haneefah 150AH/767AC He was in Kufa, Iraaq. It has been pointed out that Abu Haneefah was the first to codify Islamic law or jurisprudence (commonly known as Fiqh) compiled from the Qur'ân and the Sunnah. 3. Al-Awza’i 157AH/774AC He was in Ash-Shaam, specifically Lebanon. He was born in Lebanon and then went to Demascus and then back to Beirut. He was a descendant of the prisoners of war from China but was a free man. He was from the people of Ahadeeth so he despised analogy. Emigration of the Umayyads spread his school of thought to AlAndalus (Spain) with similar town names as they had previously in Ash-Shaam. The Maliki Madhab replaced it in time. 4. Sufyan At-Thawri 161AH/778AC He was in Kufa, Iraq. He was considered a Tabi tabi’een, 3rd generation of Islam. He received assignment as a Supreme Judge from the Khalifah and threw it in the river while running in to exile. He was said to be so pious that he lowered his gaze in his dreams. 5. Al-Layth ibn Sa’ad 175AH/783AC He was born in Egypt and was given the title of the great imam. They would follow his orders over the king of Egypt. To solve this, they tried to assign him as governor but he refused. He was also one of the teachers of Imam Shafi’ee to be continued |
Brief biographies of Imams of Fiqh - part 2
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Brief Biographies of Imams of Fiqh [/justify]6- Malik ibn Anas 179AH/801AC He was born in Madinah, grew up in Madinah, gained knowledge in Madinah, and he died in Madinah, never leaving Madinah once. His Fiqh is famous for having Usool of the Madinites, or the way of the people of Madinah. 7. Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah 198AH/805AC He was born in Kufa, Iraq but lived in Makkah for the rest of his life. He was one-eyed and was born in Kufa but lived mostly in Makkah. He was considered an Imaam of Makkah and an authority in hadeeth. He set early precedence of writing his knowledge in Tafseer. Imam ash-Shafi`ee said: “Knowledge is based on three: Malik, Al-Layth, and Sufyan.” 8. ash-Shafi’ee 204AH/820AC He was born in Ghazzah, Palestine and descended from the Banu Hashim family. He learned from Imam Malik, and was a colleague of Imam Ahmed ibn Hanbal. He was known for his amazing memory and beautiful poetry. 9. Ishaq ibn Rahawayh 238AH/845AC He was born in Naisabur, near the borders of Iran and Afghanistan. He was considered leader of believers in Hadeeth and one of the direct teachers of Imam Bukhari. Some say he was the inspiration for his book, Sahih-Al-Bukhari. 10. Abu Thawr Ibrahim ibn Khalid al Yammam 240AH/847AC He was born in Baghdad, Iraq. He was a great Imam and Mujtahid with a lot of unique opinions. He was originally of the Ahl-ar-Rai’ but met Ash-Shafi’ee and then changed to Ahl-al-Hijaz. |
Brief biographies of Imams of Fiqh - part 3
11. Ahmad ibn Hanbal 241AH/855AC He was born in the Khurasan region. Imam ath-Dhahabi described Ibn Hanbal as, “The true Shaikh of Islam and leader of the Muslims in his time, the hadith master and proof of the religion”. Ali ibnul-Madini, the great Imam of Hadeeth said: “Truly, Allah reinforced this religion with Abu Bakr as- Siddiq the day of the great apostasy (ar-Riddah), and He reinforced it with Ahmad ibn Hanbal the day of the Inquisition (al-Mihnah).” Harmala said: “I heard ash-Shafi’ee say: ‘I left Baghdad and did not leave behind me anyone more virtuous, more learned, more knowledgeable than Ahmad ibn Hanbal.’” 12. Dawood Ad-Dhahiri 270AH/877AC He was born in Baghdad. He was the founder of the literalist school of thought. 13. Ibn Jareer At-Tabari 310AH/917AC He stayed in Tabaristan but reached up to Baghdad. He is considered one of the great Imams of all time and left the largest written history compilation but most of it was wiped out by the sacking of Baghdad by the Mongols. He was the first one to write about Ikhtilaaf al fuqaaha. |
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